DISCOURSES

DIARY

A diary is a journal, where you express your thoughts and feelings , opinions and plans. This journal is your safe place. A diary is a personal record of events, thoughts, observations and feelings which is usually written and arranged in chronological order (the order in which things happen in). It can be written in any language as per the comfort of the writer, whether English or Hindi.

MAJOR FEATURES

• The nature of Diary composing relies upon the innovativeness, creative mind, and articulation of the person.
• Informal style
• Uses first person pronouns ( I we, my )
• Past tense.
• Chronological order.
• Detail and descriptive.
• Emotive language.
• Time conjunctions
• A good diary composing contains the spot, the date, the day and even the hour of composing. 
• A diary needn’t bother with any conventional heading. Notwithstanding, it is discretionary. In the event that you need it, you can give an appropriate heading.
• Then you can address the diary as “Dear Diary” or “Hi Dear” or “Hello my Diary”, etc. Write everything you want to express to the diary. At the end mention your name.

SCRIPT OF A SPEECH

Writing a speech on any particular topic requires a lot of research. It also has to be structured well in order to properly get the message across to the target audience. When you are writing or delivering a speech, the very first thing you need to do is introduce yourself.

Introductions can change according to the nature of your target audience. It can be either formal or informal based on the audience you are addressing.

FORMAT

• Addressing Friends/Classmates/Peers 

 Hello everyone! I am ________. I am here to share my views on _________

• Addressing Teachers/Higher Authorities 

 Good morning/afternoon/evening. Before I start, I would like to thank _______ for giving me an opportunity to share my thoughts about ________ here today.

• Asking an Engaging Question
• Fact or a Surprising Statement
• Adding a Quote

STRUCTURE OF SPEECH WRITING

Introduction - Greet the audience, tell them about yourself and further introduce the topic.

Body- Present the topic in an elaborate way, explaining its key features, pros and cons, if any and the like.

Conclusion- Summary of your speech, wrap up the topic and leave your audience with a compelling reminder to think about!

LETTER

A written message from one person to another, usually put in an envelope and sent by post 

Letters are probably the most widely used form of interpersonal written communication.

 In this age of invisible apps, social networks and instant messaging platforms, the art of letter writing may seem to be dying especially in the personal realm. However, at least in formal communication, letter writing retains its dignity and relevance.

TYPES OF LETTERS

PERSONAL LETTERS

Personal letter is also known as informal letters or social letters. Letters written to friends, relatives or acquaintances. They are written with the purpose of sharing information or news and also with the purpose of expressing one’s views and opinions

FORMAL LETTERS

Formal letters are used for communication between persons, business concerns or offices for official. In contrast to informal forms of communication, formal letters follow a certain pattern in terms of format, structure, tone, content and language. A good formal letter will be clear, concise, and cocoherent.

FORMAT OF FORMAL LETTER

• Always start with the sender’s address
• This is followed by the date.
• The receiver’s address comes next. The receiver can be the name of the firm or the one who represents the firm.
• The subject of the letter is very important. It is a statement of the purpose of the letter. It should be written in a single line.
• The salutation can be Dear Sir/Ma’am. If it is a person you know well, you can address them by their name, ‘Dear Shrinath’.
• The body of the letter can be written in 3 paragraphs.
• The first paragraph should be aimed at introducing yourself and stating the purpose of your letter.
• The second paragraph should furnish all the information about the matter.
• The third paragraph can be a concluding paragraph where you lay out your expectations regarding the matter.
• To close the letter, you can use a complimentary closing like ‘Yours faithfully’, ‘Yours sincerely’ etc.
• Unlike informal letters, the signature should include your name (in block letters) and designation below your signature.

POSTER

A Poster is a large notice announcing or advertising something. It generally creates social awareness about any problem or needs. It also conveys a social message in an eye-catching way. A poster should be visually attractive and readable from a distance. They are extensively used by NGO’S, political parties etc. A very brief communication with a compelling visual and a powerful message, a poster is always prepared with a particular target audience in mind, the schedule of an event. It very clearly mentions the theme or the topic, and the respective occasion.

TYPES

• An appeal for awareness and support , help or action, a warning, or a caution
• In the form of an invitation like posters for carnivals, fests, concerts, exhibitions etc
• Workshops, seminars

MAIN FEATURES OF A POSTER

• Layout: A creative title in the form of a slogan or rhyming words.

  For example, Speed thrills but kills; Pollution needs a solution; Green is clean.

• You can use Match Stick figures for illustration.
• Proper spacing and proportionate headings and illustrations.
• Date, time and venue must be mentioned in case of an event.
• A poster displays a message or an appeal to create awareness.
• The content should be organised in an appropriate style.
• Use appropriate expressions and correct language.
• The theme should be clear.
• The poster should be creative and related to the content and theme should not be vague.
• Do not spend much time on illustration. Written language and expressions will only help you score better.
• Name of the issuing authority or the organizers is a must.